DBMS-Database System Utilities
Database utilities that help the DBA in managing the database system. Common utilities have the following types of functions:- Loading: A loading utility is used to load existing data files—such as text files or sequential files—into the database. Usually, the current (source) format of the data file and the desired (target) database file structure are specified to the utility, which then automatically reformats the data and stores it in the database. With the proliferation of DBMSs, transferring data from one DBMS to another is becoming common in many organizations. Some vendors are offering products that generate the appropriate loading programs, given the existing sourceand target database storage descriptions (internal schemas). Such tools are also called conversion tools.
- Backup: A backup utility creates a backup copy of the database, usually by dumping the entire database onto tape. The backup copy can be used to restore the database in case of catastrophic failure. Incremental backups are also often used, where only changes since the previous backup are recorded. Incremental backup is more complex but it saves space.
- File reorganization: This utility can be used to reorganize a database file into a different file organization to improve performance.
- Performance monitoring: Such a utility monitors database usage and provides statistics to the DBA. The DBA uses the statistics in making decisions such as whether or not to reorganize files to improve performance.
